Annex 1 presents a ranking of 196 countries by the level of legal protection of prenatal human life, based solely on comparing legal status, not enforcement practice, social attitudes, or actual abortion numbers.
Countries are grouped into ten categories, from full protection of mother's and child's life to abortion on request, according to which grounds for terminating a pregnancy their laws permit (criminal-act, eugenic, maternal-health, or social/economic premises, alone or combined). Within categories, additional criteria apply: constitutional guarantees, severity of punishment, gestational age limits, and the mother's immunity. For federal states (the US, Australia) an average permissibility period was used; Mexico was assessed in light of Supreme Court rulings striking down state-level protections.
A country-by-country table with sources and legal citations follows.
Attorney at the Warsaw Bar Association, graduate of the Faculty of Law and Administration at Warsaw University and the School of Ukrainian Law at Lazarski University in Warsaw. Senior analyst at the Research and Analysis Center of the Ordo Iuris Institute for Legal Culture, specializing in issues in the areas of state science, protection of life, identity of marriage and the institution of the family. He further developed his social and legal skills at the Catholic Youth Association and the Justice Institute. He has published in the quarterly magazines Civitas Christiana, Polityka Narodowa, the weekly Do Rzeczy, the daily Rzeczpospolita and the portal PCh24.pl. He completed the Political Theology Summer School – ‘Politics, Religion, Security’ and the KGHM Leadership School ‘Guides’.
Third-year law student at the Collegium Intermarium.
Doctor of Law, assistant professor at the College of Legal Sciences of the Nicolaus Copernicus University and at the Faculty of Law of the University Collegium Intermarium in Warsaw, member of the Legislative Council of the 14th term at the Prime Minister’s Office, deputy editor-in-chief of “The Legal Culture”. From 2021 to 2024, director of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law at the Government Legislation Center and head of the legislative application conducted by the Government Legislation Center. From 2010 to 2014, an assistant at the Department of Constitutional Law and European Studies of the Institute of Legal Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Graduate of the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Warsaw. Doctoral dissertation entitled Impact of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of April 2, 1997 on the system of sources of religious law defended with distinction at the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Warsaw in November 2016. Author of dozens of scientific publications, mainly in the field of constitutional law, religious law and bioethics, including several monographs, articles in high-scoring scientific journals and co-author of a commentary to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland published in 2016 by the C.H. Beck Publishing House.

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